ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the implementation of national training on quality control testing of radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy equipment from 2018 to 2022, and to summarize the effects of the training program. Methods We collected and analyzed the information on the national training program for quality control testing of radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy equipment organized by the National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2018 to 2022. Results Five sessions of national training on quality control testing of radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy equipment were conducted from 2018 to 2022, with each session lasting four days. The proportion of teachers with senior professional titles was 87.5% (35/40). There were a total of 1045 attendances for radiological technician training, among which 75.1% (785/1045) had intermediate or lower technical titles and 87.1% (910/1045) had a bachelor’s degree or above. The qualified rate of training was 97.7% (905/926). In terms of the content, arrangement, and other key parts of training, the degrees of satisfaction of the trainees were all above 96.0%. Conclusion The national training program for quality control testing of radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy equipment worked well, with both the qualified rate and satisfaction degree above 95.0%. The program has helped professionals better understand and master the quality control testing of radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy equipment, and improved the high-quality development of continuing radiological education.
ABSTRACT
Objective To test and evaluate the protection and quality control status of some radiodiagnostic equipment in Gansu Province, China, and to strengthen the quality control and protection of radiodiagnostic equipment in hospitals. Methods A total of 72 medical institutions involving 203 sets of radiodiagnostic equipment and workplaces were selected to carry out the quality control and protection test according to relevant national standards. Results The qualified rate for the quality control test of the 203 sets of radiodiagnostic equipment was 92.1%, and that of the workplaces was 100%. Conclusion The results basically reflect the quality control and protection status of radiodiagnostic equipment in Gansu Province, indicating that regular inspection and timely debugging is very important.
ABSTRACT
A luxação da articulação atlanto-occipital é considerada uma afecção incomum no homem e nos animais. Radiografias laterais são recomendadas para o diagnóstico. No entanto, estão sujeitas a erros relacionados ao ângulo de radiação, ao alvo da imagem, à distância e à sobreposição óssea. Objetivou-se neste relato descrever os achados clínicos e radiográficos de dois cães com luxação traumática da articulação atlanto-occipital que apresentavam tetraparesia, dor cervical cranial, incapacidade de elevar a cabeça e déficits de nervos cranianos. No primeiro animal, observaram-se deslocamento craniodorsal do processo articular do atlas em relação a um dos côndilos do occipital, ausência de sobreposição dos forames vertebrais laterais e sobreposição do côndilo do occipital ao processo articular do atlas, no lado direito, caracterizando uma luxação unilateral. No segundo animal, observou-se deslocamento craniodorsal dos processos articulares do atlas em relação aos côndilos do occipital, com sobreposição dos forames vertebrais laterais e ausência de visibilização dos côndilos do occipital em virtude da projeção cranial dos processos articulares do atlas em direção ao crânio, caracterizando luxação bilateral. Conclui-se que o exame radiográfico simples, nas projeções laterolateral e ventrodorsal, apesar da dificuldade de ser interpretado, é eficiente para confirmar o diagnóstico da luxação atlanto-occipital traumática, tanto a simétrica quanto a assimétrica.
Atlanto-occipital luxation is considered rare in both humans and animals. Lateral radiographs are recommended for diagnosis, however, errors may occur related to the angle of radiation, image target, distance and overlapping of bone. Our objective is to report the clinical and radiographic findings in two dogs with traumatic atlanto-occipital luxation, which had tetraparesis, cranial neck pain, and inability to raise the head and cranial nerve deficits. The first animal had a cranio-dorsal dislocation of the articular process of the atlas in relation to one of the occipital condoles, with no overlapping of the transverse foramens or overlapping of the occipital condile in relation to the articular process of the atlas, on the right side, which characterizes a unilateral luxation. The second animal presented with a cranio-caudal dislocation of the articular processes of the atlas regarding the occipital condoles, with overlapping of the transverse foramens and inability to visualize the occipital condoles due to the cranial advancement of the articular processes of the atlas towards the skull, which characterizes a bilateral luxation. We conclude that a simple radiographic exam, in lateral and ventrodorsal projections, though difficult to interpret, is efficient in confirming a diagnosis of traumatic atlanto-occipital luxation, both symmetric and asymmetric.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dogs/abnormalities , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological/veterinaryABSTRACT
O radiodiagnóstico é uma das principais ferramentas de diagnose na medicina e seu papel, na saúde pública, depende da qualidade dos exames, cuja responsabilidade regulatória cabe principalmente ao Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Nessa perspectiva, foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático de avaliação de riscos potencial (MARP) em radiodiagnóstico e, através do seu uso em serviços de saúde da Bahia, analisada a situação encontrada e seus condicionantes. O MARP baseia-se no conceito de risco potencial e relaciona os indicadores de controle de riscos com os riscos potenciais e os responsáveis pelos controles. Usando esse modelo, avaliaram-se 94 procedimentos de 38 serviços de radiodiagnóstico. O estudo mostrou que 5,3 por cento dos serviços estavam com todos os procedimentos em nível de risco potencial aceitável. 23,7 por cento tinham pelo menos um procedimento com nível de risco potencial tolerável, e 71 por cento tinham pelo menos um procedimento com nível de risco potencial inaceitável. As análises mostraram que os principais condicionantes da situação encontrada dizem respeito à deficiência do sistema de vigilância sanitária na fiscalização dos serviços e da indústria, à ausência dos fundamentos de proteção radiológica nas diretrizes curriculares dos cursos de medicina e à fragilidade do controle das práticas pelos respectivos conselhos profissionais.
The X-ray diagnostic is one of the main diagnosis tools in medicine and its role, in public health, depends on the quality of the exams, the regulatory responsibility fits, mainly, in the National System of Sanitary Surveillance. With this perspective, it was developed a mathematical evaluation model of potential risks in radiodiagnostic and, through its use in the Brazilian health services of Bahia state, with the analysis of the situation found and its determinants. With that model, 94 procedures were evaluated in 38 Bahia state radiodiagnostic services. The study showed that 5.3 percent of the services had all of the procedures in level of acceptable potential risk. 23.7 percent showed, at least, one procedure with level of tolerable potential risk and 71 percent showed, at least, one procedure with a level of unacceptable potential risk. The analyses shows that the main determinants of the encountered situation are the deficient inspection by the sanitary surveillance system of the health services and of the industrial sector, the absence of basics of radiological protection in the curriculum of medicine courses and the fragility of practices control, by the respective professional council.